The Most Commonly Asked Questions About Core Aeration

If you're a homeowner or property manager who wants a lush, healthy lawn, you’ve probably heard about core aeration. It’s one of the most effective ways to breathe life back into tired, compacted soil and help your grass thrive. But what exactly is core aeration—and do you really need it? Here are the most commonly asked questions about this essential lawn care practice.

1. What is Core Aeration?

Core aeration is the process of removing small plugs (or "cores") of soil and thatch from your lawn using a machine called a core aerator. These holes allow air, water, and nutrients to penetrate deep into the soil, promoting healthier roots and a stronger lawn.

2. Why is Core Aeration Important?

Over time, soil becomes compacted from foot traffic, mowing, and natural settling. Compacted soil makes it hard for grass roots to absorb the nutrients they need. Core aeration relieves this compaction, improves drainage, reduces thatch buildup, and creates a better environment for root growth.

3. How Do I Know If My Lawn Needs Aeration?

Your lawn might need aeration if:

  • Water puddles or runs off easily after watering

  • The grass feels spongy or thin

  • The soil is hard to the touch

  • You’ve had heavy foot traffic or vehicles on the lawn

  • It’s been over a year since your last aeration

A simple test: push a screwdriver into the soil. If it’s tough to do, your soil is likely compacted and would benefit from aeration.

4. When is the Best Time to Aerate?

The best time to aerate depends on your grass type:

  • Cool-season grasses (like Kentucky bluegrass or fescue): Early spring or fall.

  • Warm-season grasses (like Bermuda or Zoysia): Late spring through early summer, during active growth.

Avoid aerating during periods of drought or extreme heat, as it can stress the lawn.

5. How Often Should I Aerate My Lawn?

Most lawns benefit from core aeration once per year. However, if your lawn sees heavy use, is on clay soil, or has severe compaction, twice a year may be ideal—once in spring and again in fall.

6. Should I Aerate Before or After Fertilizing/Seeding?

Aerating before fertilizing or overseeding is ideal. The holes created by aeration allow nutrients and seeds to settle directly into the soil where they’re most effective, increasing seed germination and fertilizer absorption.

7. What Should I Expect After Aeration?

After aeration, you’ll notice small plugs of soil on the surface. Don’t worry—these will break down naturally within a couple of weeks. Your lawn may look a little rough initially, but you’ll soon see a healthier, thicker lawn as a result. Watering regularly after aeration helps speed up recovery and supports new growth.

8. Can I Mow After Aerating?

Yes, you can mow your lawn after aeration, but it's best to wait a few days to allow the soil plugs to break down and the lawn to recover slightly. If you've overseeded as well, avoid mowing until the new grass reaches at least 3 inches tall.

9. Is Core Aeration Better Than Spike Aeration?

Absolutely. Spike aeration simply pushes holes into the soil without removing material, which can actually make compaction worse over time. Core aeration, on the other hand, physically removes plugs of soil, relieving pressure and improving soil structure.

10. Can I Aerate the Lawn Myself?

Yes—but be prepared! You can rent a core aerator from a local equipment store, but the machines can be heavy and challenging to operate. For many homeowners, hiring a professional lawn care company ensures the job gets done quickly, correctly, and without the hassle.

Final Thoughts

Core aeration might seem like just another lawn care chore, but it’s one of the most powerful tools for improving soil health and achieving that thick, green lawn you’ve been dreaming of. Whether you DIY or hire a pro, understanding the basics of core aeration will help you make the most of this important service.